最新的Scrum Professional Scrum Master level III (PSM III) - PSM-III免費考試真題
When many Development Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the definition of
"done?"
"done?"
正確答案:
When many Development Teams are working on a single product, there must beone shared Definition of Done (DoD)that applies toall teamsand tothe entire product Increment.
Single, Shared Definition of Done
Scrum requires that each Increment beusable and potentially releasable. When multiple teams contribute to one product, this means:
* There isone product, not multiple team products,
* There must therefore beone Definition of Donethat ensures consistency, quality, and transparency across all teams.
Having different Definitions of Done per team would result in:
* Inconsistent quality,
* Integration problems,
* Loss of transparency,
* Increments that are "Done" in isolation but not at the product level.
Integrated Increment-Level Definition of Done
The shared Definition of Done must includeintegration criteria, ensuring that:
* Work from all teams is integrated,
* The combined Increment meets quality and compliance standards,
* The product can be inspected and potentially released.
In scaled Scrum (e.g., Nexus), unintegrated work is explicitlynot considered Done, regardless of whether individual teams believe their work is complete.
Ownership and Evolution
While Developers collectively create and adhere to the Definition of Done, it applies at theproduct level, not the team level. As the product and organization mature, the Definition of Done may beexpanded, but it must always remain shared and transparent.
Single, Shared Definition of Done
Scrum requires that each Increment beusable and potentially releasable. When multiple teams contribute to one product, this means:
* There isone product, not multiple team products,
* There must therefore beone Definition of Donethat ensures consistency, quality, and transparency across all teams.
Having different Definitions of Done per team would result in:
* Inconsistent quality,
* Integration problems,
* Loss of transparency,
* Increments that are "Done" in isolation but not at the product level.
Integrated Increment-Level Definition of Done
The shared Definition of Done must includeintegration criteria, ensuring that:
* Work from all teams is integrated,
* The combined Increment meets quality and compliance standards,
* The product can be inspected and potentially released.
In scaled Scrum (e.g., Nexus), unintegrated work is explicitlynot considered Done, regardless of whether individual teams believe their work is complete.
Ownership and Evolution
While Developers collectively create and adhere to the Definition of Done, it applies at theproduct level, not the team level. As the product and organization mature, the Definition of Done may beexpanded, but it must always remain shared and transparent.
Learning turns into 'validated learning' when assumptions and goals can be assessed through results. What is a key way for a Product Owner to apply validated learning?
正確答案:
A key way aProduct Owner applies validated learningis byadapting the Product Backlog and Product Goal based on evidence from real outcomes, not assumptions.
Through inspection of:
* TheProduct Incrementduring the Sprint Review,
* Stakeholder and user feedback,
* Measured outcomes such as usage, value, or risk reduction,
the Product Owner assesses whether assumptions about value, users, or direction are valid. This learning becomesvalidatedonly when it is reflected inchanged decisions, such as:
* Reordering Product Backlog items,
* Adding or removing backlog items,
* Adjusting or even abandoning a Product Goal.
In other words, validated learning is applied when the Product Owneruses results to change what is built next, ensuring that future work is based on evidence rather than speculation.
Through inspection of:
* TheProduct Incrementduring the Sprint Review,
* Stakeholder and user feedback,
* Measured outcomes such as usage, value, or risk reduction,
the Product Owner assesses whether assumptions about value, users, or direction are valid. This learning becomesvalidatedonly when it is reflected inchanged decisions, such as:
* Reordering Product Backlog items,
* Adding or removing backlog items,
* Adjusting or even abandoning a Product Goal.
In other words, validated learning is applied when the Product Owneruses results to change what is built next, ensuring that future work is based on evidence rather than speculation.
"Technical debt is the sole concern of the development team". As a Scrum Master, do you agree with this statement? Whyor why not?.
正確答案:
As a Scrum Master, I donot agreewith the statement that technical debt is the sole concern of the Development Team. While Developers are responsible for recognizing and understanding technical debt, its impact extends far beyond the team and affectsagility, quality, and deliveryat the product and organizational level.
First, technical debt directly influences a team'sability to remain agile. As technical debt accumulates, the cost and effort required to change the product increase. This slows down development, reduces predictability, and eventually makes it difficult-or even impossible-to deliver working software within reasonable timeframes. When agility is reduced, the entireorganizationsuffers, not just the Development Team.
Second, technical debt has a significant impact onproduct quality and delivery. High levels of technical debt often lead to defects, instability, and integration problems. This undermines the Scrum principle of delivering a "Done" Increment each Sprint. When the product cannot be reliably delivered or inspected, customers and stakeholders are directly affected, making technical debt a shared concern.
Third, while Developers are best positioned toidentify when technical debt occurs, addressing it requires collaboration across the Scrum Team. The Product Owner must understand that not all work in a Sprint will result in new functionality. Investing in reducing technical debt is an investment in future value, sustainability, and delivery capability. Stakeholders also need transparency about this trade-off.
Fourth, Scrum encourages making technical debt visible andaddressing it continuously, rather than postponing it indefinitely. This may involve adding technical debt-related work to the Product Backlog and prioritizing it alongside functional work. Treating technical debt as "invisible" or purely technical undermines empiricism and long-term value creation.
First, technical debt directly influences a team'sability to remain agile. As technical debt accumulates, the cost and effort required to change the product increase. This slows down development, reduces predictability, and eventually makes it difficult-or even impossible-to deliver working software within reasonable timeframes. When agility is reduced, the entireorganizationsuffers, not just the Development Team.
Second, technical debt has a significant impact onproduct quality and delivery. High levels of technical debt often lead to defects, instability, and integration problems. This undermines the Scrum principle of delivering a "Done" Increment each Sprint. When the product cannot be reliably delivered or inspected, customers and stakeholders are directly affected, making technical debt a shared concern.
Third, while Developers are best positioned toidentify when technical debt occurs, addressing it requires collaboration across the Scrum Team. The Product Owner must understand that not all work in a Sprint will result in new functionality. Investing in reducing technical debt is an investment in future value, sustainability, and delivery capability. Stakeholders also need transparency about this trade-off.
Fourth, Scrum encourages making technical debt visible andaddressing it continuously, rather than postponing it indefinitely. This may involve adding technical debt-related work to the Product Backlog and prioritizing it alongside functional work. Treating technical debt as "invisible" or purely technical undermines empiricism and long-term value creation.
Your Scrum Team has one month Sprints. The development team argues that since this period is quite long, a Daily Scrum isa bit too much. They instead want a weekly update meeting. What is your opinion on this?
正確答案:
From a Scrum Master's perspective, replacing the Daily Scrum with a weekly update meeting isnot consistent with Scrumand would significantly weaken the team's ability to inspect and adapt effectively, regardless of the Sprint length.
First, Scrum explicitly defines theDaily Scrum as a required event. The Scrum Guide states that the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event held every working day of the Sprint for the Developers. The length of the Sprint-whether one week or one month-does not change the purpose or necessity of this event. Therefore, by choosing not to have a Daily Scrum, the team wouldno longer be practicing Scrum, but rather a Scrum- like process.
Second, the Daily Scrum isnot a status meeting. Its primary purpose is to allow the Developers toinspect progress toward the Sprint Goal, synchronize their work, andadapt the Sprint Backlogas needed. A weekly meeting dramatically reduces the frequency of inspection and adaptation, delaying the discovery of issues such as integration problems, misalignment, or risks to the Sprint Goal.
Third, removing the Daily Scrum negatively impactstransparency, one of Scrum's three pillars of empiricism. Without daily synchronization, important information about progress, impediments, and discoveries becomes stale or hidden. This reduced transparency increases the likelihood that work will drift away from agreed standards, fail to integrate properly, or no longer support the Sprint Goal by the end of the Sprint.
Fourth, the argument that a one-month Sprint justifies less frequent inspection reflects a misunderstanding of empiricism. Longer Sprintsincrease risk, which makes frequent inspection and adaptation more important, not less. The Daily Scrum provides a regular opportunity to realign the team and respond early to emerging problems, thereby reducing waste and rework.
Finally, as a Scrum Master, my role is toteach and coachthe Scrum Team on the purpose and value of Scrum events. Rather than removing the Daily Scrum, I would help the Developers improve how they use it-for example, ensuring it focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and actionable planning for the next 24 hours, instead of turning into a reporting session.
First, Scrum explicitly defines theDaily Scrum as a required event. The Scrum Guide states that the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event held every working day of the Sprint for the Developers. The length of the Sprint-whether one week or one month-does not change the purpose or necessity of this event. Therefore, by choosing not to have a Daily Scrum, the team wouldno longer be practicing Scrum, but rather a Scrum- like process.
Second, the Daily Scrum isnot a status meeting. Its primary purpose is to allow the Developers toinspect progress toward the Sprint Goal, synchronize their work, andadapt the Sprint Backlogas needed. A weekly meeting dramatically reduces the frequency of inspection and adaptation, delaying the discovery of issues such as integration problems, misalignment, or risks to the Sprint Goal.
Third, removing the Daily Scrum negatively impactstransparency, one of Scrum's three pillars of empiricism. Without daily synchronization, important information about progress, impediments, and discoveries becomes stale or hidden. This reduced transparency increases the likelihood that work will drift away from agreed standards, fail to integrate properly, or no longer support the Sprint Goal by the end of the Sprint.
Fourth, the argument that a one-month Sprint justifies less frequent inspection reflects a misunderstanding of empiricism. Longer Sprintsincrease risk, which makes frequent inspection and adaptation more important, not less. The Daily Scrum provides a regular opportunity to realign the team and respond early to emerging problems, thereby reducing waste and rework.
Finally, as a Scrum Master, my role is toteach and coachthe Scrum Team on the purpose and value of Scrum events. Rather than removing the Daily Scrum, I would help the Developers improve how they use it-for example, ensuring it focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and actionable planning for the next 24 hours, instead of turning into a reporting session.